Course Details

1. To analyze how the marine environment is adversely affected by human activities such as fishing and aquaculture, agriculture, industries and shipping, and the exploitation of oil, gas etc.
2. To examine how the introduction of alien species, marine litter, noise, urbanization and tourism, and the destruction of habitats for ports and off shore structures add to the negative impacts. Many of these impacts are exacerbated by climate change
3. An awareness of examples of impacts including the risk of ecosystem collapse, destruction of habitats and chemical pollution of seafood.
4. Discuss ion of the various policies and measures aiming at protecting marine ecosystems

What is an Ecosystem - various types and threats

States of Ecosystems - States of protected habitats and species

Impact of Climate change - Sea surface Temperature, sea level rise -  Acidification - sea ice

State & Impacts of Nutrient Pollution

State & Impacts of Chemical Pollution

State & Impact of Marine Litter

Maritme transport

Fisheries & Aquaculture

Renewable Energy & Oil and Gas exploration

• THE EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENT, STATE AND OUTLOOK 2010, MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENT, doi:10.2800/58932

• Shipping industry guidance on Environmental Compliance - A framework for ensuring compliance with MARPOL – ICS/ISF